Law enforcement / police officers frequently utilize tone-on-tone marking or unmarked vehicles for assessing vehicle speed through visual estimation and pacing. Below is a concise overview of the procedures involved:

Visual Estimation of Speed:

Police officers receive training to estimate vehicle speeds based on the relative motion of the targeted vehicle.

Pacing of Speed:

An officer in an tone-on-tone marking or unmarked vehicle can match the speed of a vehicle suspected of speeding its speed.

Documentation for Speeding Tickets:

When issuing a speeding citation, the officer will record their observations, including the methodology used to determine the speed. 

Visual Estimation / Pacing - Expert:

The expert should possess a degree in engineering and have a background in speed measuring devices, including experience as an instructor or operator of such equipment. It is essential that the individual has a foundation in engineering or science rather than a background as a retired police officer. Additionally, the expert should hold relevant credentials and have experience pertinent to the case.

Pacing / Visual Estimate - Probable Cause Traffic Stop - Case Preparation :

The expert will review the details surrounding the citation, including the methodologies employed by law enforcement to ascertain your speed. They will evaluate whether appropriate procedures were adhered to.

Court Expert Witness Testimony:

Should the matter proceed to court, the expert will have the opportunity to present their findings, elucidate the technical components involved, and question the methods utilized by the officer. Their testimony can contribute to establishing Beyond a reasonable doubt, or Clear and convincing, regarding the speeding assessment.